Propel Technology

NIST 800-171: Origin and Importance

Origin

NIST Special Publication 800-171 was created by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a non-regulatory agency within the U.S. Department of Commerce. First published in June 2015 and subsequently revised, it was developed in response to Executive Order 13556, which aimed to establish standards for protecting Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI). The framework was specifically designed to help non-federal organizations that handle, store, or process CUI on behalf of the federal government implement appropriate security controls to protect sensitive government information outside of federal systems.

Industry Importance

NIST 800-171 has become critically important in the defense industrial base and federal contracting sectors, as compliance is now mandatory for organizations working with the Department of Defense and other federal agencies that handle CUI. The certification demonstrates that an organization has implemented 110 security requirements across 14 control families, covering areas such as access control, incident response, and system integrity. Beyond contractual requirements, achieving NIST 800-171 compliance has become a competitive differentiator and trust signal in the marketplace, showing clients and partners that an organization takes cybersecurity seriously and follows recognized best practices for protecting sensitive information.

PCI-DSS Certification

Origin

The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS) was created in 2004 by the major credit card companies: Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Discover, and JCB International. These companies formed the PCI Security Standards Council in 2006 to manage and evolve the standard. PCI-DSS was developed in response to growing concerns about credit card fraud and data breaches, establishing a unified security standard to protect cardholder data across all organizations that store, process, or transmit payment card information.

Industry Value and Importance

PCI-DSS compliance is critical for any business handling payment card transactions, as it reduces the risk of data breaches, fraud, and the significant financial and reputational damage that follows. Beyond being a contractual requirement from payment processors and card brands, maintaining PCI-DSS certification demonstrates an organization's commitment to security best practices. Non-compliance can result in substantial fines, increased transaction fees, loss of card processing privileges, and legal liability in the event of a breach. The standard has become a baseline security framework that many organizations use to strengthen their overall security posture, even extending its principles beyond payment card data protection.

HIPAA Compliance and Cybersecurity

HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) was enacted by the U.S. Congress and signed into law in 1996. The legislation was created to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without patient consent or knowledge. The Security Rule, added in 2003, established national standards for protecting electronic personal health information (ePHI), requiring covered entities and their business associates to implement administrative, physical, and technical safeguards. While HIPAA itself is legislation rather than a certification, various organizations offer HIPAA compliance training and certification programs to help IT professionals understand and implement these requirements.

HIPAA compliance is critically important in healthcare IT because violations can result in severe penalties, ranging from $100 to $50,000 per violation, with annual maximums reaching $1.5 million. Beyond avoiding fines, HIPAA knowledge is valued because healthcare data breaches can expose sensitive patient information, damage organizational reputation, and erode patient trust. IT professionals with HIPAA expertise are highly sought after as healthcare organizations increasingly rely on digital systems for medical records, billing, and patient communication. Understanding HIPAA requirements helps ensure that healthcare systems are designed, implemented, and maintained with appropriate security controls to protect patient privacy in an era of growing cyber threats.